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lunedì 17 maggio 2010

ASCENSION-DAY AND PENTECOST-DAY

ASCENSION-DAY AND PENTECOST-DAY

ACTS 1, 1-2, 47

1

1 The former treatise have I made, O Theophilus, of all that Jesus began both to do and teach,

2 Until the day in which he was taken up, after that he through the Holy Ghost had given commandments unto the apostles whom he had chosen:

3 To whom also he shewed himself alive after his passion by many infallible proofs, being seen of them forty days, and speaking of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God:

4 And, being assembled together with them, commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father, which, saith he, ye have heard of me.

5 For John truly baptized with water; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days hence.

6 When they therefore were come together, they asked of him, saying, Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom to Israel?

7 And he said unto them, It is not for you to know the times or the seasons, which the Father hath put in his own power.

8 But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth.

9 And when he had spoken these things, while they beheld, he was taken up; and a cloud received him out of their sight.

10 And while they looked stedfastly toward heaven as he went up, behold, two men stood by them in white apparel;

11 Which also said, Ye men of Galilee, why stand ye gazing up into heaven? this same Jesus, which is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as ye have seen him go into heaven.

12 Then returned they unto Jerusalem from the mount called Olivet, which is from Jerusalem a sabbath days journey.

13 And when they were come in, they went up into an upper room, where abode both Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, Philip, and Thomas, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon Zelotes, and Judas the brother of James.

14 These all continued with one accord in prayer and supplication, with the women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.

15 And in those days Peter stood up in the midst of the disciples, and said, (the number of names together were about an hundred and twenty,)

16 Men and brethren, this scripture must needs have been fulfilled, which the Holy Ghost by the mouth of David spake before concerning Judas, which was guide to them that took Jesus.

17 For he was numbered with us, and had obtained part of this ministry.

18 Now this man purchased a field with the reward of iniquity; and falling headlong, he burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out.

19 And it was known unto all the dwellers at Jerusalem; insomuch as that field is called in their proper tongue, Aceldama, that is to say, The field of blood.

20 For it is written in the book of Psalms, Let his habitation be desolate, and let no man dwell therein: and his bishoprick let another take.

21 Wherefore of these men which have companied with us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us,

22 Beginning from the baptism of John, unto that same day that he was taken up from us, must one be ordained to be a witness with us of his resurrection.

23 And they appointed two, Joseph called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus, and Matthias.

24 And they prayed, and said, Thou, Lord, which knowest the hearts of all men, shew whether of these two thou hast chosen,

25 That he may take part of this ministry and apostleship, from which Judas by transgression fell, that he might go to his own place.

26 And they gave forth their lots; and the lot fell upon Matthias; and he was numbered with the eleven apostles.

2

1 And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place.

2 And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting.

3 And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them.

4 And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.

5 And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven.

6 Now when this was noised abroad, the multitude came together, and were confounded, because that every man heard them speak in his own language.

7 And they were all amazed and marvelled, saying one to another, Behold, are not all these which speak Galilaeans?

8 And how hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born?

9 Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, and in Judaea, and Cappadocia, in Pontus, and Asia,

10 Phrygia, and Pamphylia, in Egypt, and in the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes,

11 Cretes and Arabians, we do hear them speak in our tongues the wonderful works of God.

12 And they were all amazed, and were in doubt, saying one to another, What meaneth this?

13 Others mocking said, These men are full of new wine.

14 But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said unto them, Ye men of Judaea, and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you, and hearken to my words:

15 For these are not drunken, as ye suppose, seeing it is but the third hour of the day.

16 But this is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel;

17 And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall dream dreams:

18 And on my servants and on my handmaidens I will pour out in those days of my Spirit; and they shall prophesy:

19 And I will shew wonders in heaven above, and signs in the earth beneath; blood, and fire, and vapour of smoke:

20 The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before that great and notable day of the Lord come:

21 And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved.

22 Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs, which God did by him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also know:

23 Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:

24 Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death: because it was not possible that he should be holden of it.

25 For David speaketh concerning him, I foresaw the Lord always before my face, for he is on my right hand, that I should not be moved:

26 Therefore did my heart rejoice, and my tongue was glad; moreover also my flesh shall rest in hope:

27 Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.

28 Thou hast made known to me the ways of life; thou shalt make me full of joy with thy countenance.

29 Men and brethren, let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch David, that he is both dead and buried, and his sepulchre is with us unto this day.

30 Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne;

31 He seeing this before spake of the resurrection of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell, neither his flesh did see corruption.

32 This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses.

33 Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear.

34 For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,

35 Until I make thy foes thy footstool.

36 Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.

37 Now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and to the rest of the apostles, Men and brethren, what shall we do?

38 Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.

39 For the promise is unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God shall call.

40 And with many other words did he testify and exhort, saying, Save yourselves from this untoward generation.

41 Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls.

42 And they continued stedfastly in the apostles� doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers.

43 And fear came upon every soul: and many wonders and signs were done by the apostles.

44 And all that believed were together, and had all things common;

45 And sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all men, as every man had need.

46 And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart,

47 Praising God, and having favour with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved.

http://www.carm.org/kjv/Acts/acts_1.htm

http://groups.google.com/group/christianbiblestudies?hl=it

sabato 30 maggio 2009

ASCENSION-DAY AND PENTECOST-DAY

sabato 9 maggio 2009

The 33rd day of the Omer, Celebrating Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai

The 33rd day of the Omer, Celebrating Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai

Lag Ba'Omer 2009: Tuesday 12 May, 2009
Bonfires, will thus be Monday 11 May, 2009 at night. In Hebrew, the letters are used for counting. Lamed equals 30, Gimmel equals 3. The 33rd day of the Omer, is thus called "Lag".

The Omer
The Omer is a period of counting from the second night of Pesach/Passover for 50 days until the holiday of Shavuot. This is based upon the verse from Scripture: "you shall count for yourselves from the day after the festival rest, from the day you bring the Omer Sacrifice, seven full weeks shall they be. Until the day after these seven full weeks shall you count fifity days, and then you shall bring a New Offering to Me" (Leviticus 23:15-16). Although the offerings can no longer be brought without a Holy Temple, we count these days for many reasons even today.

During the Omer, minor practices of mourning are observed: refraining from wedding ceremonies, cutting the hair, shaving, and others. This custom is in commemoration of a tragic loss of 24,000 disciples of Rabbi Akiva who perished between Pesach and Shavuot.

Lag Ba'Omer
On Lag BaOmer, these restrictions are lifted. Lag BaOmer is the day that the holy Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai, author of the Zohar, passed away. Haircuts, shaving, weddings, and joyous music are permissible on this day.

As with all Jewish holidays, the holiday starts in the evening. One major custom is bonfires. The bonfire symbolizes the great light of the Rashbi's (Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai's) Torah, the Zohar. Sings and circles of dance accompany the flames higher and higher.

Since haircuts were one of the activities restricted during the Omer, Lag BaOmer is traditionally a day for the "halakah", or "upshurnish" of three year old boys. Man is likened to a tree in Jewish lore, and the fruit of a tree is not used for eating or profit for three years. Likewise, there is a tradition to leave a young boy's hair for three years untouched, only cutting it when he fills three years. Many wait until Lag BaOmer of his third year for the initial haircut. Those who can make the journey to Mount Meron, the Rashbi's final resting place, prefer to have the haircut performed there.

Sources and History of Lag BaOmer Customs
Previous to the Arizal (Rabbi Isaac Luria Ashkenazi) in the late 1500's, records show that the Lag BaOmer celebration at Mount Meron had different significance and practice. In "BaShvil Haaretz" May 2005, an article by Yanon Shabtiel quotes Binyamin Mitodela (1170), Rav Pitachiah Morgensburg (1180), and Rav Shmuel Bar Shimshon (1211) among others that the journey to Meron for Lag BaOmer was to visit the cave of Hillel and Shammai. Yes, they all indicate that at that time the belief was that they shared a common final resting place. The common practice at that point was to visit the spring that even today flows in the area and pray for plentiful rainfall in the coming year.

By 1473 a letter from a traveler mentions both the Hillel/Shammai practice as well as Rashbi. In the words of this letter, "Meron: there is one cave wherein are buried 10 important Elders, among them Shammai and Hillel. A short distance from there is another cave in which are buried Rabbi Shimon Ben Yochai and his son.. and in that cave there is not a spring of sweet water at all. Rather Hebrews come at the three festivals to see the graves of the great "Tsadikim", Righteous Ones, especially the resting place of Rabbi Shimon Ben Yochai. They beseech with prayers, penitence, and supplications to the Almighty, may He be blessed, that He should send them water that they may remain there for a number of days. Immediately the dew would come..."

It was during the time of the Arizal and his students that the current practices and customs became dominant, according to the research of Shabtiel. In "Shibchei HaAri", Shlomo Shlomil ben Chaim writes that the Ari's students would come to Meron twice a year to unite and learn intensely the book of the Zohar for 10 days. There he wrote that the twice a year were 10 days before Shavuot, and 10 days before Rosh Hashana.

In contrast, Rav Chaim Vital, the primary student and author of most of the writings attributed to the Ari, wrote that on Lag BaOmer the Ari himself would take his young son to Meron with all of his household and cut the child's hair as is the well known custom. He would make a day of feasting and festivity.

So it appears that as with many customs of today, the strongest current customs are based on practices established by the Arizal and his students.

Picnics, BBQ's, and Bonfires
Get a JewishByte.com shoulder bag to pack your picnic, a baseball cap for that shul baseball game, or a snuggly sweatshirt for the late night bonfire. All with our Jewishbyte.com Lag BaOmer design:

http://www.jewishbyte.com/lagbaomer.php